TOI-3288 A b and TOI-4666 b light and RV curves

Gas giant planets orbiting low-mass stars (Teff<=4600K) are uncommon outcomes of planet formation. Increasing the sample of well-characterised giants around early M dwarfs will enable population-level studies of their properties, offering valuable insights into their formation and evolutionary histories. We aim to confirm and characterise giant exoplanets transiting M dwarfs identified by the TESS mission. To this end, we have started the Gas giAnts Transiting lOw-mass Stars (GATOS) program within the NIRPS Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO). High-resolution spectroscopic data are obtained in the optical and near-infrared (nIR), combining HARPS and NIRPS. We derive radial velocities (RVs) via the cross-correlation function and implement a novel post-processing procedure to further mitigate telluric contamination in the nIR. The resulting RVs are jointly fit with TESS and ground-based photometry to derive the orbital and physical parameters of the systems. We present the GATOS program and its first results. We confirm two gas giants transiting the low-mass stars TOI-3288 A (K9V, Teff=3933+/-48K) and TOI-4666 (M2.5V, Teff=3512+/-36K). TOI-3288 A hosts a hot Jupiter with a mass of 2.11+/-0.08M_Jup_ and a radius of 1.00+/-0.03R_Jup_, with an orbital period of 1.43 days (Teq=1059+/-20K). TOI-4666 hosts a 0.70+/-0.06M_Jup_ warm Jupiter (Teq=713+/-14K) with a radius of 1.11+/-0.04R_Jup_, with an orbital period of 2.91 days. At a population level, we identify a decrease in planetary mass with spectral type, where late M dwarfs host less massive giant planets than early M dwarfs. More massive gas giants that deviate from this trend are preferentially hosted by more metal-rich stars. Furthermore, we find an increased binarity fraction among low-mass stars hosting gas giants, which may play a role in enhancing giant planet formation around low-mass stars. These mass characterizations contribute to the growing catalogue of well-defined giant exoplanets around low-mass stars. The observed population trends agree with theoretical predictions, where higher metallicity can compensate for lower disk masses, and wide binary systems may influence planet formation and migration through Kozai-Lidov cycles or disk instabilities.

Identifier
Source https://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/lp/custom/CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/707/A73
Related Identifier https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/707/A73
Related Identifier https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/A+A/707/A73
Metadata Access http://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/pmh/pubreg.xml?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_b2find&identifier=ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/707/A73
Provenance
Creator Frensch Y.G.C.; Bouchy F.; Lo Curto G.; L'Heureux A.; de Lima Gomes R.,Faria J.; Dumusque X.; Malo L.; Cointepas M.; Srivastava A.; Bonfils X.,Delgado-Mena E.; Nari N.; Artigau E.; Baron F.; Barros S.C.C.; Benneke B.,Bryan M.; Canto Martins B.L.; de Castro Leao I.; Cloutier R.; Cook N.J.,Cowan N.B.; Cristo E.; De Medeiros J.R.; Delfosse X.; Doyon R.,Ehrenreich D.; Gonzalez Hernandez J.I.; Lafreniere D.; Lovis C.; Melo C.,Mignon L.; Mordasini C.; Pepe F.; Rebolo R.; Rowe J.; Santos N.C.,Segransan D.; Suarez Mascareno A.; Udry S.; Valencia D.; Wade G.,Al Moulla K.; Allart R.; Almenara J.M.; Barkaoui K.; Cadieux C.,Castro-Gonzalez A.; Collins K.A.; Fajardo-Acosta S.B.; Forveille T.; Gan T.,Gomes da Silva J.; Grieves N.; Hobson M.J.; Howell S.; Lamontagne P.,Messamah L.; Nielsen L.D.; Osborn A.; Parc L.; Piaulet-Ghorayeb C.,Stassun K.G.; Stefanov A.K.; Striegel S.; Ulmer-Moll S.; Vaulato V.,Watkins C.N.
Publisher CDS
Publication Year 2026
Rights https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html
OpenAccess true
Contact CDS support team <cds-question(at)unistra.fr>
Representation
Resource Type Dataset; AstroObjects
Discipline Astrophysics and Astronomy; Exoplanet Astronomy; Interdisciplinary Astronomy; Natural Sciences; Observational Astronomy; Physics; Stellar Astronomy