HARPS-N RV data of six planetary systems

Accurate mass and radius measurements of small transiting exoplanets are essential for probing their compositions, formation histories, and potential habitability. We present a uniform analysis of six planetary systems (each hosting at least one small transiting planet): K2-79, K2-106, K2-111, K2-222, K2-263, and TOI-1634. Our study combines new CHEOPS transit observations with archival photometry from K2, TESS, and ground-based facilities, alongside new and archival radial velocity data from HARPS-N, HIRES, ESPRESSO, and others. For each system, we perform joint transit and RV modelling, achieving typical precisions better than 15 per cent and 5 per cent for mass and radius, respectively, and thus enabling precise bulk density determinations. These reveal a range of compositions, including rocky planets near the radius valley (e.g. K2-106 b, TOI-1634 b), intermediate-density planets requiring steam-rich or mixed volatile envelopes (e.g. K2-111 b, K2-263 b), and low-density regimes, consistent with gas dwarfs or water-worlds (e.g. K2-79 b, K2-222 b). Several systems show evidence of additional companions detectable via RVs but not seen in transit. The results highlight the value of coordinated CHEOPS and HARPS-N observations in delivering some of the most precise bulk densities for small planets to date and support the preparation for future atmospheric characterization missions.

Identifier
Source https://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/lp/custom/CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/548/G520
Related Identifier https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/548/G520
Related Identifier https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-2?-source=J/MNRAS/548/G520
Metadata Access http://dc.g-vo.org/rr/q/pmh/pubreg.xml?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_b2find&identifier=ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/548/G520
Provenance
Creator Palethorpe L.; Mortier A.; Egger J.A.; Rice K.; Wilson T.G.; Vanderburg A.,Bonomo A.S.; Boschin W.; Cameron A.C.; Eschen Y.N.E.; Harutyunyan A.,Malavolta L.; Fiorenzano A.F.M.; Sozzetti A.; Stalport M.; Van Eylen V.,Watson C.A.
Publisher CDS
Publication Year 2026
Rights https://cds.unistra.fr/vizier-org/licences_vizier.html
OpenAccess true
Contact CDS support team <cds-question(at)unistra.fr>
Representation
Resource Type Dataset; AstroObjects
Discipline Astrophysics and Astronomy; Exoplanet Astronomy; Natural Sciences; Observational Astronomy; Physics; Stellar Astronomy