The plasma's proteomics data obtained from Holstein cows treated with abomasal infusions of coconut oil (CTRL) or a mixture of essential fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acids (EFA+CLA) at days -21, +1, +28, and +63 relative to calving. The files contain identified protein descriptions, gene names, proteins classes, differentially abundant proteins during the transition period and between treatment groups (CTRL and EFA+CLA), and their associated Gene Ontology (GO) and functional enrichment analysis.