This dataset contains relative abundances of planktonic foraminifera from five sediment cores recovered from the western, central, and eastern North Atlantic Ocean. The dataset includes ODP Site 108-659, located on the Cabo Verde Plateau (18°05′N, 21°02′W; 3070 m water depth), and ODP Site 172-1058, located on the Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge (31°41′N, 75°35′W; 2984 m water depth). It also includes IODP Sites 306-U1312 (42°50.2′N, 23°38.2′W; 3554 m water depth) and 306-U1313 (41°0.08′N, 32°57.4′W; 3426 m water depth), located north of the Azores Islands, and IODP Site 339-U1385, located on the southwest Portuguese margin (37°34.3′N, 10°7.6′W; 2587 m water depth). The combined dataset spans Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 36 to 46 during the Early Pleistocene. Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages were analyzed in the >150 μm and the 150–250 μm size fraction. Taxonomic counts were performed on splits containing a minimum of approximately 300 specimens per sample. Species identification follows the taxonomic concepts of Schiebel and Hemleben (2017) and the Mikrotax database (Young et al., 2017). Relative abundances (%) were calculated from the total planktonic foraminiferal assemblage for each sample. Age control follows the published chronologies for IODP Site 339-U1385 (Hodell et al., 2023) and ODP Site 172-1058 (Billups et al., 2006; Weirauch et al., 2008). For IODP Site 306-U1312 and ODP Site 108-659, chronologies are based on correlation of benthic δ¹⁸O records of Cibicidoides wuellerstorfi to the LR04 benthic isotope stack, whereas the age model for IODP Site 306-U1313 is based on correlation of the planktonic δ¹⁸O record of Globigerina bulloides to the high-resolution isotope record from IODP Site 339-U1385, which is aligned to the LR04 benthic isotope stack. The dataset provides a standardized compilation of relative abundances of planktonic foraminifera from five North Atlantic sites, facilitating comparison of assemblage composition across different oceanographic regions during successive glacial and interglacial intervals of the Early Pleistocene.