This research investigates the influence of ethno-religious identification on contact avoidance and support of collective violence among Muslim and Christian University students in areas of actual and potential conflict in the Philippines (Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao and adjacent areas, and Metro Manila), while taking into account theoretically relevant variables at individual level. It applies and develops an integrated theory of intergroup conflict, in formulating and empirically testing hypotheses for explaining cross-cultural and inter-individual differences of latent conflicts. The research is part of the extensive NWO Conflict and Security research program.