We request 9 days on TOSCA to carry out inelastic neutron scattering (INS) studies of the adsorption, activation and reaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (lignin models) over our designed multifunctional catalyst (5%Ru/NbOPO4) to produce monocyclic aromatics. 5%Ru/ZSM-5, 5%Ru/ZrPO4 and 5%Ru/TiPO4 catalysts will also be investigated to clarify the unique activity of Ru/NbOPO4: direct visualisation of the catalyst-substrate interactions is crucial to understand the molecular details on adsorption, the formation of intermediates and the activation of the stable interunit C-C bonds. In particular, we aim to reveal the scientific origin of the high activity of Ru/NbOPO4 on the cleavage of C-C bonds of lignin models, leading to improved lignin monomer production with significant potential market value.