This dataset provides a comprehensive and critically reassessed earthquake catalog for earthquakes potentially recorded in the central Dead Sea sediment archive over the past two millennia. For each earthquake, it compiles multiple source records, moment magnitudes (Mw), epicentral distances, and the responsible fault segment (North, Central, or South Dead Sea Fault). The key contribution is the calculation of site-specific local shaking intensity ranges (Modified Mercalli Intensity, MMI) at the core location (31.51°N, 35.47°E), alongside a finalized mean MMI. The dataset directly links each earthquake to its correlated event layer (if any) in the ICDP 5017-1 core, specifying the layer's type, age model, and thickness. This harmonized catalog is fundamental for accurately calibrating the sedimentary paleoseismic record with historical seismicity and for ground-motion studies in the region.