Measuring the evolution of X-ray emission from pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars gives insight into two issues: the response of magnetic dynamo processes to changes in the interior structure, and the effects of high-energy radiation on protoplanetary disks and primordial planetary atmospheres. We present a sample of 6003 stars with ages 7-25Myr in 10 nearby open clusters from Chandra X-ray and Gaia-EDR3 surveys. Combined with previous results in large samples of younger (<~5Myr) stars in MYStIX and SFiNCs star-forming regions, mass- stratified activity-age relations are derived for the early phases of stellar evolution. X-ray luminosity (LX) is constant during the first few Myr, possibly due to the presence of extended X-ray coronas insensitive to temporal changes in stellar size. LX then decays during the 7-25Myr period, more rapidly as stellar mass increases. This decay is interpreted as decreasing efficiency of the {alpha}2 dynamo as radiative cores grow and a solar-type {alpha}{Omega} dynamo emerges. For more massive 3.5-7M{sun} fully radiative stars, the X-ray emission plummets-indicating the lack of an effective magnetic dynamo. The findings provide improved measurements of high-energy radiation effects on circumstellar material, first for the protoplanetary disk and then for the atmospheres of young planets. The observed X-ray luminosities can be so high that an inner Earth-mass rocky, unmagnetized planet around a solar-mass PMS star might lose its primary and secondary atmospheres within a few (several) million years. PMS X-ray emission may thus have a significant impact on the evolution of early-planetary atmospheres and the conditions promoting the rise of habitability.

Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/935/43/table2 (X-ray Sources Towards 10 Open Clusters)

Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/935/43/table3 (Gaia-EDR3 Properties Of Non-X-ray And X-ray Sources Towards 10 Open Clusters)

Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/935/43/table4 (Stellar Properties Of Non-X-ray And X-ray Members Of 10 Open Clusters)

Cone search capability for table J/ApJ/935/43/table6 (Stellar Properties of MYStIX and SFiNCs Members)