Cladocera analysis 25 samples from lake Bayan Nuur (Core BN2016-1) were prepared for сladoceran analysis using the methods described in Korhola and Rautio (2001, doi:10.1007/0-306-47671-1_2). Each sample (0.5-1 gr of dry sediment) was heated for approximately 30 minutes at 75 °C in 10% KOH. The KOH sediment mixture was then poured onto a 50-μm mesh sieve. A few drops of ethanol and safranin-glycerin solution were added to prevent fungal growth and to stain the cladoceran remains. The identification of Cladocera remains was conducted using a light Carl Zeiss Axiolab microscope at magnification x100-400. The remains of 200-343 (mean 244) Cladocera were analyzed of each sample. The number of specimens of each genus was taken to be equal to the maximum number of the encountered remains of the body (mostly headshields, carapaces, postabdomens). The chitinous remains of cladoceran were identified with both subfossil and modern cladoceran identification keys. Cladocera were subdivided into two groups based on their habitats (planktonic and benthic).