Demultiplexed raw reads of the COI Illumina NextSeq metabarcoding library. The files contained include true samples, positive control and negative controls to assess moth diversity. The data contained in the files were assessed using the Python package FastQC, while processing and filtering steps were conducted using the R package dada2 for Amplicon Sequence Variant (ASV) generation. Downstream analysis was performed using the R package phyloseq and formatted for ecological analyses using additional R packages (e.g. vegan).