This database contains functional traits of target and non-target fish species (Actinopterygii and Elasmobranchii) from the Azores archipelago, Portugal. The included traits are reproductive guilds, body shape, position in water column, mean temperature preference (ᵒC), generation time (years), maximum depth (m), trophic position, growth coefficient (K), size at first maturity (cm), food consumption (Q/B), fecundity, and maximum body size (cm). The traits scores were assigned based on databases provided by FishBase (Froese and Pauly, 2023), and Trindade-Santos et al. (2020). Additionally, relevant literature was also utilized. These traits were selected based on biological and ecological knowledge of species critical for ecological processes in marine ecosystems, as well as data availability. The selected traits are associated with fish functions including habitat use, locomotion, feeding, and life history.

The selected traits were chosen based on a combination of biological and ecological knowledge that are essential for understanding the roles of various species in marine ecosystems. These traits are associated with four key functions of fish:Habitat use: This trait is closely linked to a fish species' distribution, abundance, and diversity, as well as its interactions with other organisms in the ecosystem. Different species may be adapted to thrive in specific habitats, such as deep, cold waters or shallow, warm waters (Gratwicke and Speight, 2005; Honda et al., 2013; Farré et al., 2016; Saunders et al., 2021; Scoulding et al., 2023)Locomotion: Locomotion is crucial for a fish's survival and fitness. It aids in food acquisition and predator avoidance, contributing to their overall ecological success (Higham, 2007; Fu et al., 2019; Myers et al., 2020).Feeding: Feeding behavior is fundamental for fish to obtain energy for growth, development, and reproduction. It also has a significant impact on trophic interactions, nutrient cycling, and competition within ecosystems (Stergiou and Karpouci, 2002; Ward et al., 2006; Mézo et al., 2022).Life-History: these traits, including growth rate, size at maturity, generation time, and fecundity, play a pivotal role in determining the reproductive success and survival of individual fish and influence the dynamics of fish populations(King and McFarlane, 2003; Winemiller, 2005, Morales-Nin, 2009).