The dataset contains 75 rectal cancer operations from RCTs that underwent blinded analysis using a bespoke performance assessment tool (LapTMEpt) and Objective Clinical Human Reliability Analysis (OCHRA).The current archive is used for sharing the dataset privately ahead of public releaseCiting the datasetThe dataset should be cited using its DOI whenever research making use of this dataset is reported in any academic publication or research report. Please also cite the following publication: Walaa ghamrawi, Nathan Curtis, Jialang Xu, Matt Boal, Evangelos Mazomenos, Eddie Edwards, Danail Stoyanov, Nader Francis,"A Rectal Cancer Surgery Dataset: Use of artificial intelligence to aid automation of error identification.", Scientific Data, 2024