This data collection contains underway shipboard records taken on board the RV Meteor (M99, M100/1, M100/2, M102, M103/1, M103/2, M153) and RV Sonne (SO285) between 2013 and 2021, as well as water column samples collected during RV Meteor cruise M153 (15.02-31.03.2019) and RV Sonne cruise SO285 (20.08-02.11.2021). The expeditions were carried out within the framework of the South African, Namibian and German partnership, and within the BMBF-funded projects GENUS (Geochemistry and ecology of the Namibian upwelling system) and TRAFFIC (Trophic Transfer Efficiency in the Benguela Current). This data collection is intended to provide information on upwelling source water masses feeding the northern and southern region of the Benguela Upwelling System and their role in air-sea gas exchange dynamics.