The geographical scale of the study ranged from an individual mountain (Mount Nuolja, site MS3) to the landscape scale (sites N1, N2 and S1). Ring-width chronologies of birch and pine individuals sampled below the tree line ecotone were used as a reference. Note that the list of disturbance events is not exhaustive, particularly for the period 1800-1900 for which fewer replicates were available.