These data were collected as part of PushBackLash's Work Package on anti-gender discourses online to analyze anti-gender equality strategies on Twitter/X to develop typologies of mobilization and counterstrategies. This analysis contributes to the creation of a toolkit for online actors in the field. The dataset was collected between July 2023 and December 2023 and contains tweets between 2018 and 2023. The total Twitter/X data set consists of approximately 60,000 Tweet IDs from 110 public accounts. After removing duplicates and taking into account legal requirements, 27,255 Tweet IDs can be made available for download (see below). First, important pro- and anti-gender equality actors in the European Union were identified. Next, actors who were active on Twitter/X since 2021 or earlier were considered for the data collection. Due to changes implemented by Twitter/X in March 2023 (removal of free access to the X API and strict limitations of number of tweets that can be scraped) the list of identified actors was reduced to the most influential ones based on follower numbers, while simultaneously ensuring that actors from all core countries of the PUSHBACKLASH project were included. For each actor we scraped on average ~500 tweets. After scraping tweets from the initial list of actors, new actors were added based on those most-commonly mentioned in the scraped tweets. Data was scraped using the X API v2 and the R package RTwitterV2. In line with the X regulations, the data set only contains Tweet IDs.

Non-probability Sample - Purposive Sample

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