Temperature, salinity, and oxygen were obtained from a Seabird 911 plus CTD system equipped with two independently working sets of temperature–conductivity–oxygen. The apparent oxygen utilization was calculated as the difference between saturation concentrations of O2 and measured O2 concentrations: AOU= [O2sat (θ, S)] − [O2], with S = salinity and θ = potential temperature (Redfield, 1942; Redfield et al., 1963; Pytkowicz, 1971). The saturated oxygen (O2sat) was computed using measured temperature and salinity following 212 Garcia and Gordon (1992). Relative percentage of South Atlantic Central Water was determined as in Klenz et al., (2018).