Core ANT39-A2-02 is located in the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica (125.05 °W, 72.49 °S, water depth 467.67 m). The sediment exhibits high water content, no distinct odor, and shows no significant signs of bioturbation. It was retrieved during the Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition 39 (R/V Xuelong, sampling date: February 4, 2023). The sediment from Core ANT39-A2-02 is a box-core sample with a total length of 40 cm. According to the Folk classification scheme, the primary sediment types in Core A2-02 are sandy silt and sandy mud. This dataset includes sediment grain size (measured with a Malvern Mastersizer 2000 laser particle size analyzer), geochemical elements (XRF: Panalytical Axios MAX and ICP-MS: ICAP RQ), total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN) (Elementar Vario) and stable isotopes δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N (Thermo Delta Plus AD), clay minerals (including chlorite, kaolinite, smectite, illite; determined by XRD using a X'Pert Pro MPD, and calculated using Jade 6.0), and AMS ¹⁴C dating on selected intervals (acid-insoluble organic matter method).