These datasets contain data for investigating geochemical- and hydrochemical gradients of a sediment section from Lake Neusiedl. Data which are plotted in the manuscript can be found in the linked file "Plotted data for figures 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13 of sediment cores LN-K and NR17-18 from Lake Neusiedl". Furthermore, XY Processed XRD-Data, including identified mineral phases, are placed included.