We used the 16S rRNA gene to characterize the hindgut microbial community composition of adult specimens of Kyphosus vaigiensis (n=8) and K. cinerascens (n=10) collected in the vicinity of Lizard Island, northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Samples comprise DNA extracted from hindgut sections IV and V, gut content was collected following Choat et al. (2002).