Overview
This repository provides measurement data and evaluated data related to our manuscript "Ultra Sensitive PIN-Diode Receiver Utilizing Photocurrent Integration on a Parasitic Capacitance" by Christoph Gasser, Simon Michael Laube, Kerstin Schneider-Hornstein, and Horst Zimmerman, published in IEEE ACCESS, 2024, DOI: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3447731.
Context
In our study, we present the design and experimental verification of an optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) with monolithicaly integrated photodiode.We measured the responsivity, capacitance and bandwidth of the photodiode. Moreover, we measured the transient output voltage of the OEICs across optical input power with an oscilloscope, and stored the waveforms in HDF5 files. The bit error probability (BER) was evaluated from the transient measurements using post-processing in Python, as explained in our manuscript. A data rate of 100 Mb/s with 70% return-to-zero (RZ) on-off keying (OOK) modulation was used for BER measurements.
File structure
The main folders /BER, /powermeter, /responsivity and /waveforms are provided.
Waveforms
/waveforms contains raw waveform (transient measurement) data. Waveforms are stored as HDF5 files (.h5 file ending) that contain an internal file system with metadata and data, generated by the oscilloscope. HDF5 files can be read using the free HDFView program, h5py Python library, or other software.
The internal file system within our HDF5 files has the following structure:/FileType/KeysightH5FileType/Frame/TheFrame/Waveforms /Channel 1/Channel 1 Data /Channel 2/Channel 2 Data
KeysightH5FileType and TheFrame are oscilloscope metadata. The Channel 1 sub-folder contains metadata and Channel 1 Data. Channel 1 Data is the raw waveform data of the pseudo-random bit sequence (PRBS) that was used as the input signal of our OEICs. The Channel 2 sub-folder contains metadata and Channel 2 Data. Channel 2 Data is the raw waveform data of the OEIC output voltage.
The file name structure of the HDF5 files is xx1xx.h5
Here, the sample identifier is the same as explained above; the measurement identifier is an arbitrary text/number; the optical power identifier connects the power measurement (see below) with the corresponding waveform; and the vG identifier connects the reference voltage setting (see below) with the corresponding waveform.
Optical Power
/powermeter contains the calibration factors that were used to calculate the actual power incident on the chip. "calFactorSpectrum.dat" contains the calibration factor for responsivity measurement in order to account for the 400nm - 900nm transmission spectrum. A 1550nm fiber was used for the responsivity setup."calFactorBER.dat" contains the calibration factor at 642nm for BER measurements. Note that, a 630nm fiber was used for the BER setup.
Bit error probability
/BER contains the evaluated bit error probability of the OEIC. All files within this folder are generated from the raw data provided in /waveforms and /powermeter, using our Python script. Three file types are provided: (1) Log files (.log file ending) that document the result of the evaluation. These log files were used to plot Fig. 9 in our manuscript. (2) Image files (.png file ending) that illustrate the result of the evaluation, similar to Fig. 10 in our manuscript. (3) A CSV file that contains a results summary (.csv file ending).
The log file contains metadata about the evaluation process, the evaluation result (BER), as well as the the input file (waveform) and output files of the evaluation. Note that the .tab output files are not provided because they were only used for debugging of our Python script. While most of the log file contents should be self-explanatory, some require special attention:
In the "User settings" section we provide settings for the evaluation of the reference PRBS (Channel 1 Data in the HDF5 files). The boolean flag "PRBS inverted" shows whether the PRBS waveform was processed as is, or was logically inverted. The "PRBS detection threshold" is the threshold voltage that was used to digitize the (analog) PRBS waveform. Because the SNR of the PRBS is very high, the threshold itself is uncritical and was auto-detected by our Python script. The "PRBS detection offset" marks the start of the PRBS with respect to the recorded waveform. This is necessary because the recording may start at an arbitrary time, so the first recorded bit is incomplete. The start of the PRBS was auto-detected by our Python script by rising edge detection. The "PRBS detection delay" shows at which time instant each PRBS bit is sampled, with respect to the start of a bit. Typically, the bit should be sampled at the center. For 100 Mb/s with 70% RZ modulation, the center is 3 ns (=PRBS detection delay) after the start of the bit.
In the "Results" section, the result and the optimized settings for the evaluation of the chip output (Channel 2 Data in the HDF5 files) are provided. "Decision threshold" is the threshold (voltage) for bit decision. "CDS delta time" is the time between the two sample instants of correlated double sampling (CDS). "Best BER" is the BER result. The "Static delay" is the coarse delay between PRBS and chip output waveform, given in multiples of the bit period (10 ns at 100 Mb/s). The "Inter-bit delay" is the fine delay between PRBS and chip output waveform, that is always less than the bit period. The sum of static delay and inter-bit delay are the total delay between PRBS and chip output waveform.
The file name structure of the log files is xx1xx.logThe file name structure of the image files is xx1xx.png
The results summary CSV contains all optical power and vG settings, the BER results, and the underlying dataset file names. For the meaning of vG, please refer to Fig. 4 of our manuscript.
Responsivity
/responsivity contains the raw spectral responsivity data of the photodiodes, that is plotted in Fig. 3a of our manuscript. The responsivity, the wavelength and the bias voltage (that corresponds to the cloumns of the responsivity and wavelength files) are provided in separate DAT files. The plotted data in the manuscript is for bias voltage 20V.
Capacitance
Because the raw photodiode capacitance data is given in the manuscript, no data is provided in this dataset.
Bandwidth
Because the raw photodiode frequency response data is given in the manuscript, no data is provided in this dataset.
Licensing
The dataset consists of raw measurement data and processed data.Raw data is licensed under the Creative Commons Zero 1.0 Universal (CC0) license.Processed data is copyrighted and licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY) license.All metadata is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY) license.
The following list shows the license attached to the individual files:
All files and sub-folders within /waveforms: CC0 license
All files and sub-folders within /BER: CC-BY license
All files and sub-folders within /responsivity: CC0 license
/README.txt: CC-BY license
