The data analyzed in this study pertains to Ferralsols sampled from the Brazilian Central Plateau. These soils are located within two distinct geomorphological regions: the Late Tertiary South American Surface and the Late Quaternary Velhas Surface, each characterized by specific topographical and soil properties. Geomorphological and Soil Context 1. Late Tertiary South American Surface: This surface corresponds to tablelands with altitudes generally between 900 and 1200 meters. The dominant soil type in this region is gibbsitic-sesquioxidic Ferralsols. 2. Late Quaternary Velhas Surface: Positioned 5 to 25 meters below the South American Surface, this area features a moderate slope and is predominantly covered by kaolinitic-non-sesquioxidic Ferralsols. Soil Types and Classification The Ferralsols under investigation are classified based on their morphological and mineralogical properties according to the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). These include:

Orthic Ferralsols: F2, F5, and F7 Rhodic Ferralsols: F1, F6, F8, F9, and F10 Xanthic Ferralsol: F3 Plinthic Ferralsol: F4 These soils were sampled from locations either on the South American Surface (samples BF2 to BF4) or the Velhas Surface (samples BF1, BF5, and BF6), as detailed in previous studies [23, 47].