Human kidney organoids were inoculated with monkeypox virus (MPXV), samples at 1 (MPXV1H), 48 (MPXV48H), 96 (MPXV96H) hours and 7 (MPXV7D) days post-inoculation were harvested, and organoids cultured 7 days without infection was included as a negative control. There are 4 replicates for each group. These samples were subjected to genome-wide RNA sequencing. These are the data of RNA-seq on transcriptome.