Time-series data of physical oceanography, ocean current velocity, and hydroacoustics were obtained from mooring CAO1-01 in the Amundsen Basin of the central Arctic Ocean in August 2023 – September 2024. The mooring was deployed during RV POLARSTERN expedition PS138 and recovered during PS144. The upper part of the mooring consisted of a 28m long solid plastic tube to protect the rope and shallow instruments from drifting icebergs and sea ice keels. The attached archive contains raw data files of 9 Seabird SBE37 MicroCATs (nominal depths: 8m, 14m, 24m, 30m, 35m, 46m, 51m, 61m, 86m; sampling interval 30min or 1h), 7 Seabird SBE56 temperature logger (nominal depths: 20m, 56m, 66m, 136m, 186m, 243m, 390m; sampling interval 1min), one upward-looking Nortek S500 ADCP (plus external battery pack) mounted on a gimbal in the top segment of the tube (nominal depth 8m; sampling interval 1h for average current measurements, and 4h for wave/burst measurements), and one upward-looking RDI Longranger 75 kHz ADCP (nominal depth: 291m; sampling interval 30min). The mooring also included a Develogic SonoVault hydroacoustic recorder (nominal depth: 267m). Auxiliary information, such as sensor calibration sheets, mooring diagrams, and schedule files, is also provided, if applicable.

The authors are grateful to the captains, crews, and technical/scientific staff of the expeditions PS138 and PS144 onboard RV Polarstern. Many individuals have contributed to the conception of the research, the preparation of the instruments, the deployments and recoveries, as well as to the retrieval of the data, which we greatly appreciate. We acknowledge support from the Helmholtz infrastructure program Frontiers in Arctic Marine Monitoring, the Marine Umweltrobotik und Sensorik für nachhaltige Erforschung und Management der Küsten, Meere und Polarregionen infrastructure program, and the Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar und Meeresforschung. This mooring contributed to the Arctic PASSION project.