This data set is part of a study investigating how self-efficacy and expected social affiliation influence Norwegian upper secondary school students' interest in gender-dominated and gender-balanced occupations. In a survey, self-efficacy, expected social affiliation, career interest and descriptive and prescriptive gender stereotypes were collected for 12 occupations with brief descriptions. The dataset was collected from 210 students in the first year of upper secondary education for general studies (year 11) by means of a questionnaire distributed and administered electronically via the survey portal nettskjema.no, which is developed and hosted by the University of Oslo (nettskjema@usit.uio.no). Data were collected anonymously from nine classes in seven different schools in central Norway between October 2022 and January 2023. All materials were presented to participants in Norwegian. An English translation of the questions and answer options is provided in the manuscript "The Role of Self-Efficacy and Social Belonging in Norwegian Upper Secondary Students’ Interest in Gendered Occupations".