Dataset of carbon and nitrogen mineralization of various exogenous organic matter (EOM) under controlled conditions (laboratory incubation). EOMs are various residual organic matters applied to soil as organic fertilizers or organic amendments. They include animal manures and urban and industrial organic wastes and can be used raw or after treatment (e.g. composting or anaerobic digestion). Carbon and nitrogen mineralization data can be used to estimate the contribution of EOM carbon (C) to soil organic carbon (SOC) and EOM nitrogen (N) to the mineral N supply available to crops.