Neonatal maturity depends on the maternal capacity to provide nutrients for fetal growth. Pregnant gilts received either daily injections of sterile water (CTL group, n = 15) or of 5 mg of porcine somatotropin (pST group, n = 17) from days 90 to 109 of gestation. At day 110 post-conceptus, pairs of fetuses (one of small and one of average size within a litter) were selected. The dataset shows plasma circulating concentrations of nutrients and gene expression levels in liver and Longissimus muscle in fetuses.