The dataset includes the results on the description task of the Catalan Comprehensive Aphasia test (CAT-CAT, Salmons et al. 2021) of 109 control subjects, 20 individuals with aphasia and 4 individuals with cognitive impairment. The scoring method consists in a closed-rating system that evaluates productivity, discourse efficiency, fluency, grammatical complexity and grammaticality. The goal was to analyze and investigate the production abilities of Catalan-speaking individuals and to evaluate whether the scoring system used is helpful to diagnose language pathologies and to discriminate different patterns of language impairment. Some of the transcriptions of the participantsÕ responses are available at https://ddd.uab.cat/record/257486