This dataset contains viral metagenomics data produced from twelve fermented vegetables: four cabbages (sauerkraut), four carrots and four turnips (sauerruben). Viral fractions were extracted from the samples, nucleic acids were extracted, DNA and RNA were amplified separately and shotgun sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq plateform. The bioinformatic workflow used for data processing encompasses quality filtering, reads assembly, clustering of contigs into species-level vOTUs, selection of viral contigs and their annotation, mapping to obtain an abundance table. These data were further characterized during the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) Metasimfood project (https://www.metasimfood.inrae.fr/) to describe the viral composition of fermented vegetables, and are subsequently made publicly available for academic research purpose on fermented foods.