Community-acquired infectious meningoencephalitis is associated with</p><p>high rates of mortality and morbidity. Diagnostic work-up and treatment strategies are</p><p>challenging due to limited access to diagnostic tests and worldwide heterogeneity in</p><p>both clinical presentation and distribution of microorganisms. Suspected acute central</p><p>nervous system (CNS) infections were evaluated in patients with meningoencephalitis</p><p>enrolled in a hospital-based surveillance study conducted in Sao Paulo, Brazil, from</p><p>March 2018 to November 2019.