Mesoporous Silica-Coated Gold Nanoparticles for Multimodal Imaging and Reactive Oxygen Species Sensing of Stem Cells

DOI

Stem cell (SC)-based therapies hold the potential to revolutionize therapeutics by enhancing the body’s natural repair processes. Currently, there are only three SC therapies with marketing authorization within the European Union. To optimize outcomes, it is important to understand the biodistribution and behavior of transplanted SCs in vivo. A variety of imaging agents have been developed to trace SCs; however, they mostly lack the ability to simultaneously monitor the SC function and biodistribution at high resolutions. Here, we report the synthesis and application of a nanoparticle (NP) construct consisting of a gold NP core coated with rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RITC)-doped mesoporous silica (AuMS). The MS layer further contained a thiol-modified internal surface and an amine-modified external surface for dye conjugation. Highly fluorescent AuMS of three different sizes were successfully synthesized. The NPs were non-toxic and efficiently taken up by limbal epithelial SCs (LESCs). We further showed that we can functionalize AuMS with a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive fluorescent dye using two methods, loading the probe into the mesopores, with or without additional capping by a lipid bilayer, and by covalent attachment to surface and/or mesoporous-functionalized thiol groups. All four formulations displayed a ROS concentration-dependent increase in fluorescence. Further, in an ex vivo SC transplantation model, a combination of optical coherence tomography and fluorescence microscopy was used to synergistically identify AuMS-labeled LESC distribution at micrometer resolution. Our AuMS constructs allow for multimodal imaging and simultaneous ROS sensing of SCs and represent a promising tool for in vivo SC tracing.

Identifier
DOI https://doi.org/10.34894/F6VWVX
Metadata Access https://dataverse.nl/oai?verb=GetRecord&metadataPrefix=oai_datacite&identifier=doi:10.34894/F6VWVX
Provenance
Creator Trayford, Chloe ORCID logo; van Rijt, Sabine ORCID logo
Publisher DataverseNL
Contributor van Rijt, Sabine; Trayford, Chloe; Hebels, Dennie; Dataverse Support Contact
Publication Year 2024
Rights CC-BY-4.0; info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess; http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
OpenAccess true
Contact van Rijt, Sabine (Maastricht University); Trayford, Chloe (Maastricht University); Hebels, Dennie (Maastricht University); Dataverse Support Contact (Maastricht University)
Representation
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Version 1.1
Discipline Life Sciences; Medicine