Climate change is threatening marine life not only because of ocean warming but also through the augmented variability and occurrence of climatic extremes. We propose an intensive, multiscale, and multi-responses study of the biological impacts of temperature variability in the lion prawn scallop, a marine ectotherm for which we already have physiological and genetic information, to understand how variability shapes and limits the adaptation capacity of populations and the phenotypic plasticity and fitness of individuals. Our results will better inform the estimation of the species vulnerability to climate change.