This replication package contains the dataset and do-files used for the analysis of the research article "Effects of cash-transfer programs: New evidence from Uganda”. The dataset comprises primary data collected from a sample of 97 adult inhabitants of a village in the West-Nile region, which was selected for a universal unconditional cash-transfer program, and 107 adult inhabitants of a comparison village located in the same region. Details on the sampling strategy are provided in the associated research article. The variables include demographics (e.g., age and gender), economic outcomes as well as indicators of physical health and emotional well-being. The data were collected through an in-person baseline survey (2019) and an in-person follow-up survey (2022), both conducted in the local language. See the README file for more detailed information about the variables and replication instructions.