Thaumarchaeota and Thermoplasmatota are the most abundant planktonic archaea in the sea. Thaumarchaeota contain tetraether lipids as their major membrane lipid constituent, but the lipid composition of uncultured planktonic Thermoplasmatota remains unknown. In this project, we quantified taxon-specific archaeal cell numbers and tetraether and diether lipids in depth profiles in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre.