In this project, the gut microbial communities were compared among four gut regions (i.e. small intestine, cecum, colon, and rectum) in three species of wild rodents (Apodemus speciosus, A. argenteus, Myodes rufocanus), as well as each gut region among host species. The animals were captured in the national forest in Hokkaido, Japan and high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA genes was utilized.