Here, we present a wood charcoal reference collection for anthracological analyses in the Highlands of Ethiopia. Available plant species and genus were selected according to their importance in the different vegetation types present in the northern Highlands of Ethiopia following the information published by Friis et al. (2010) and their availability in the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle collections at Paris. It contains pictures of the cross, radial and tangential sections, as well as anatomical descriptions following the terminology proposed by the International Association of Wood Anatomists.