The RAMIC-I database contains physiological and clinical data from 155 critically ill adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation in the ICU of the Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí (Sabadell, Spain) between 2015-2019. The dataset provides high-resolution respiratory mechanics parameters recorded breath-by-breath and aggregated at 10-minute intervals during eight days of mechanical ventilation per patient. The database includes detection and classification of patient-ventilator asynchrony events, along with demographic information, daily clinical variables, vital signs, and analytical results. The dataset is structured according to FAIR principles and comprises five TAB files containing respiratory data, asynchrony events, demographic information, daily clinical observations, and laboratory results. This resource facilitates research in predictive modelling, optimization of mechanical ventilation, and analysis of patient-ventilator interactions in intensive care medicine.