Mass: Mettler-Toledo UMT2 after 48 h equilibration of the impactor foils at 20 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.IC: Parts of the impactor foils (about 30 %) were extracted by the identical method in 1.5 ml high purity water (>18.1 ohm cm). Sample extracts were filtered through a 0.45 µm one-way syringe filter to remove insoluble materials prior to ion analysis. Ion analysis was performed for cations Na+, [NH4]+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and anions Cl-, [NO2]-, [NO3]-, [SO4]2- and [C2O4]2-(KOH for anions and MSA for cations) and micromembrane suppression. using a standard ion-chromatography technique (ICS3000, DIONEX, USA) using automatic eluent generation For the anion separation a combination of AG18 and AS18 (2 mm) was applied while for the cation separation CG16 and CS16 (3 mm) were used. Chromatographic calibrations were carried out daily using a four point standard (Fluka, Switzerland).CE: Spectra Phoresis 1000 (TSP, USA), equipped with fused silica capillary (length: 70 cm, 63 cm to detector, ID: 75µm). For separation of dicarboxylic acids and methane sulfonic acic, the capillary was filled with a background electrolyte consisting of 10mmol l-1 p-aminobenzoic acid, 8 mmol l-1 diethylenetriamine, and 3.5 mmol l-1 aqueous sodium hydroxide (pH = 9.6). After hydrodynamic injection at 10.3 kPa for 34 s, a separation voltage of 30 kV was applied. Indirect detection was performed at 254 nm.OC/EC: modified VDI2465 Bl.2 using a C-mat 5500 at Tmax = 650 °C (OC: 8 min at 650 °C under high purity Nitrogen; EC: 8 min at 650 °C under high purity Oxygen). OM was calculated according to the paper of Turpin et al. 2000 (doi:10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00501-4) from OC using a factor of 2.TXRF: Bruker S2 Picofox on quartz wafers after 1.5 h cold plasma pyrolysis to eliminate the Nuclepore substrate.