We investigated the involvement of Escherichia coli encoded bacteriocins in prophage induction. We screened a collection of 1,768 fecal E. coli isolates for bacteriocin-producing strains and selected 30 representative candidates to test their capacity to induce prophages of various strains of E. coli. In this dataset, deep sequencing of the plasmid content of 24 of the 30 bacteriocin producers is provided, as well as associated assembled plasmid contigs.