Islands are unique place to be characterized as a long-term monitoring site, sustaining communities and preserved high rate of endemism. For not having the typical impacts of increasing urbanization in the coastal zone, it becomes possible to reliably identify the appropriate sources of impacts (such as overfishing), and the direct consequences on the system. This statement is difficult to precisely on the coast where the synergism disorders does not isolate each process. Still being the islands of control ICMBio with some protection status (Fernando de Noronha = National Park; Atol das Rocas = Biological Reserve), or with ongoing research programs with the logistical support of the Navy of Brazil and funding CNPQ (Archipelago St. Peter and St. Paul and Trindade island), management and conservation rules can be more efficiently deployed without generating conflicts with the various groups of users of the areas, which is a common situation when it comes to coastal systems where 50% of the population live.