This dataset is based on the paper entitled “Calcareous Algae. Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908-10 to the Mediterranean and adjacent seas” published by Lemoine (1915). It comprises of 59 records of Rhodophyta (Corallinales and Peyssonneliales) collected during the 1908-9 and 1910 expeditions of Thor vessel from a wide geographical (from the Aegean Sea to the eastern Atlantic Ocean) and bathymetric range (3-98 m).