This dataset includes the analysis of sediment core DSDP 516 (30°16'S, 35°17'W, 1313 m water depth) recovered from the Rio Grande Rise within the modern day core of Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW). It contains measurements of radiogenic Neodymium (Nd) isotope composition of the authigenic (mixed planktic foraminifera and non decarbonated bulk sediment leachates) and the totally dissolved residual silicate (detrital) fraction of DSDP 516 covering the last 600,000 years. The dataset also includes measured reference materials USGS BCR-1, USGS NOD A-1, BCS-CRM 393 (ECRM 752-1), USGS AGV-2, USGS RGM-1, USGS MAG-1, USGS G-3, NRCC MESS-4, NIST 3135A. Measurements were made on the Neptune Plus High-Resolution Multi Collector ICP-MS and the Nu Plasma 3 MC-ICPMS.