Summary In chapter 2 we describe a systematic review aiming to identify competencies relevant to international online collaboration, learning and evaluation strategies of IOCCs published in the scientific literature. This study was guided by the research question “What competencies, instructional designs and evaluation methods are described for international online collaboration in the existing literature?”. 516 studies were reviewed, and data from 14 full texts were analysed. Six competency domains emerged, namely (1) information and communication technology (ICT), (2) intercultural and cultural, (3) communication and language, (4) self-management and organization, (5) collaboration, and (6) domain-specific, together including 112 IOCCs. For teaching international online collaboration, mostly collaborative learning or problem- and case-based learning had been applied. We found that the competencies involved in international online collaboration are fragmented, and that mostly single competency domains such as intercultural competency or language competency have been evaluated, making a holistic approach of competency promotion and evaluation for IOCCs difficult. Description of the attached file The attached file provides the abstract review guide, the review plan, and the 505 included abstracts (11 duplicates removed) for the systematic review:Dataverse_Chapter 2_Kolm Alexandra.xlxs