This project aims to combine operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) measurements to probe the impacts of hybrid CO2/CO feed over the dynamic of multicomponent heterogeneous catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to green methanol. The targeted catalytic systems are ternary Ni/Pd-In2O3-ZrO2 and catalysts. SNBL BM31 will enable us to probe the coordination changes and oxidation states of partially/fully oxidized/reduced metallic species in supported catalysts under hybrid CO2/CO hydrogenation processes, complementing our prior investigations. The goal of this project is to elucidate the species transformations in complex catalytic systems under industrially-relevant conditions, establishing robust synthesis-structure-performance relationships.