This dataset includes radiocarbon (14C) measurements, ages and calibrated ages (using IntCal20; Reimer et al., 2020) from a lake sediment core from central Alaska. The purpose of this study was to assess the sensitivity and validity of lacustrine faecal steroid reconstructions of human and animal presence within the landscape by combining analyses of modern faecal samples and a sediment archive from Chisholm Lake, Alaska, where historical and archaeological population changes are well documented. The lake sediment core was recovered from Chisholm Lake in the Tanana Valley of interior Alaska (64.302267 N, 146.687331 W) in September 2019 using a Bolivia corer. 14C measurements were completed by the Center for Applied Isotope Studies at the University of Georgia and used in combination with 210Pb ages to develop a chronology for the Chisholm Lake (2019) core between 0 to 80 cm core depth (last c 3,300 years). Depth represents the depth below sediment-water interface (mid-point) at 19Chis-C core site.