The two conventional ages were calibrated with the CALIB5.0.2 (Stuiver et al., 2005) online calibration software using the Hughen et al. (2004) data set and assuming a Delta R value of 410 ± 50 years (corresponding to a reservoir age of 860 ± 45 years). This Delta R value was estimated with the rounded average of the five dates obtained on preindustrial mollusc shells collected alive close to the Amundsen Gulf (McNeely et al., 2006). The first and last ages represent the 2s calibrated age range, whereas the ages in parentheses are the average ages. Forams (mixed) means both planktics and benthics combined to obtain a date.