Datasets and scripts for "Empirically-based estimates of soil organic carbon gains after ecosystem restoration and their global climate benefits". These scripts were used to estimate the global carbon sequestration potential in SOC of forest and grassland restoration. We combined current SOC levels on degraded land area available for restoration with empirically-derived SOC increase factors at ecosystem scale. We provide spatially-explicit estimates of SOC sequestration potential, absolute and per hectare. We also assess the carbon sequestration potential achievable under national forest restoration pledges across four major resolutions.