The datasets utilized in this study encompass relative abundances of planktonic foraminifera and stable isotope data retrieved from sediment core SIS-249 in the western South Atlantic, spanning the 110-30 thousand-year interval. For the oxygen stable isotope analysis, a minimum of 10 specimens each from Globigerinoides ruber and Globorotalia inflata were picked. These specimens were selected from the fraction larger than 0.250 mm and analyzed at the University of São Paulo. The resulting data were employed to reconstruct historical patterns of sea surface fertilization, stratification, and calcium carbonate dissolution in the western South Atlantic throughout the 110-30 thousand-year period.

Brazilian Coordination of Higher Education Staff Improvement–CAPES (grant number 88887.091729/2014-01) Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development –CNPq (grant number 407922/2016-4)Charles University Grant Agency (GAUK, grant number 355422)