The sediment core KES2 (37.94558° N, 22.57641° E) was retrieved from the Kaisari Polje, Peloponnese Greece, in spring 2017 using a piston corer (Stitz type). The sedimentary sequence covers 350 cm (sedimentary units 1 - 7). The core was scanned at 0.5 cm resolution with an Avaatech X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) core scanner and the raw data presented here is displayed as element counts per second (cps). RGB colour values were taken with a digital line scan camera to depict colour variation with depth. The concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), total organic carbon (TOC), and total inorganic carbon (TIC) were determined on dried, grinded, and homogenized samples through combustion in an elemental analyzer (Euro EA, Elementanalyzer). The grain size distribution <2 mm was measured on air-dried samples (ca. 0.3 g) using a laser-particle-analyser Malvern Mastersizer 2000. The core sequence covers the last 6000 years and was analysed to reconstruct ecosystem and landscape changes as well as palaeoclimatic fluctuations in southern Greece.