We tested the association between financial scarcity (i.e., the experience of lacking needed monetary resources) and feelings of societal exclusion using longitudinal data from a large probability sample of the Dutch population. We report preregistered analyses of two time points (almost two years apart) and exploratory robustness checks of seven time points (spanning four years). As hypothesized, results of a Cross-Lagged Panel Model indicated that financial scarcity was associated with increased feelings of societal exclusion over time and vice versa, feelings of societal exclusion were associated with increased financial scarcity over time. In addition, results showed that financial scarcity was associated with perceived lack of social participation, perceived stigmatization, and weaker social networks. These factors did not mediate the association between financial scarcity and feelings of societal exclusion. We discuss the potential implications of these findings for the temporal dynamics of financial scarcity and feelings of societal exclusion.

The data were obtained from the LISS panel. To get the data, follow the instructions in the document "3. Link to raw data and processing instructions.pdf" .