Legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were measured in water samples from the Polarstern expedition PS114 (ARK-XXXII/1), which took place from July 11th to August 3rd 2018. Using the ship's seawater intake system, surface water samples were collected along a latitudinal transect from the European continent to the Arctic (57°N to 79°N at ∼5°E) and a longitudinal and latitudinal transect within Fram Strait (9°E to 18°W at ∼79°N and 78°N to 80°N at ∼0°EW). Additionally, water was collected from different depths of the water column (5 to 3117 m) at seven stations in Fram Strait. Samples were prepared using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and analysed by liquid chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS). More information can be found in Joerss et al. (2020). The aim of the study was to investigate occurrence, distribution, transport and sources of legacy and emerging PFAS in the Atlantic gateway to the Arctic Ocean.